Ventilation and radon transport in Dutch dwellings: computer modelling and field measurements.
نویسندگان
چکیده
In 1995 and 1996 radon concentrations and effective air flows were measured in approximately 1500 Dutch dwellings built between 1985 and 1993. The goal of this investigation was to describe the trend in the average radon concentration by supplementing the first survey on dwellings built up to 1984 and to quantify the contributions of the most important sources of radon. In the living room of new dwellings the average radon concentration was 28 Bq m(-3), which is 50% higher than in dwellings built before 1970. Measurements of effective air flows showed the most important source of radon in the living room of new dwellings to be the building materials, with an average contribution of 70%. The other 30% comprised outside air and air from the crawl space in equal quantities. The long-term increase in the indoor radon concentration is mainly due to improvements in insulation since 1970, resulting in a fourfold decrease in infiltration through the building shell. Model calculations, supplementing the field measurements, confirmed the dominant effect of increasing airtightness of dwellings compared to effects of the observed trend in the use of building materials.
منابع مشابه
Seasonal variation of radon, thoron and their progeny levels in dwellings of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh
Background: Radon and thoron are invisible, odorless, heavy and radioactive gases which are ubiquitously present in dwellings and in the environment. In the present work, seasonal variation of indoor radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations has been studied in the dwellings of industrially polluted cities in District Faridabad, Haryana and District Mathura in Uttar Pradesh. Materials and ...
متن کاملIndoor radon measurements in residential dwellings in Qom, Iran
Background: Inhalation of radon and its short-lived decay products is one of the ‎most significant sources of exposure to natural radiation. Radon is the second cause ‎of lung cancer in the populations. The present study was carried out under the projects of ‎national radon, with the aim of determining the concentration of indoor in the city of Qom ‎located in the central se...
متن کاملMeasurement of Contemporary and Retrospective Radon Concentration in Ramsar Dwellings Using Polycarbonate Detector
The origins of radon gas are the amount of uranium decay in the soil that is released into space and through the interior gaps of buildings. Radon can enter the respiratory system and cause radiation hazards. Recently research has identified Radon as the second leading cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking. The indoor concentration of Radon progeny is mentioned as an important issue reg...
متن کاملConcentration of radon, thoron and their progeny levels in different types of floorings, walls, rooms and building materials
Background: Radon, thoron and their progenies are the most important contributions to human exposure from natural sources. Radon exists in soil gas, building materials, Indoor atmosphere etc. Among all the natural sources of radiation dose to human beings, inhalation of radon contributes a lot. The work presented here emphasizes the long term measurements of radon, thoron and their proge...
متن کاملHome energy efficiency and radon related risk of lung cancer: modelling study
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of reducing home ventilation as part of household energy efficiency measures on deaths from radon related lung cancer. DESIGN Modelling study. SETTING England. INTERVENTION Home energy efficiency interventions, motivated in part by targets for reducing greenhouse gases, which entail reduction in uncontrolled ventilation in keeping with good practice gui...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- The Science of the total environment
دوره 272 1-3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001